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<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Excerpted
from Food Industry Environmental News Service. RTVA</span><span
style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'> <o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'> </span></i><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>********************<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Decline
of Pollinating Insects in Great Britain - The UK Department for Environment,
Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) has released a scientific study which "...
reveals that between 1990 and 2007 the number of wild plant species that
provide nectar for bees has decreased, in small patches of semi natural
habitat...[which caused a]...reduction in the areas supporting wild nectar
providing plants that pollinators rely on..." - The report concludes that
"... the decline [in pollinators] is mainly due to nectar providing plants
being crowded out by the growth of more competitive plant species..." </span></strong><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Document
Title: </span></strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>The
title of the October 27, 2010 UK DEFRA News Release is "New scientific
study helps to reveal possible reasons for the decline of pollinators" <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>The
title of the report is "An Integrated Assessment of Countryside Survey
Data to Investigate Ecosystem Services in Great Britain"<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Organization:
</span></strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>UK
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Source:
</span></strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>October
27, 2010 UK DEFRA News Release <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Web
site: </span></strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>The
October 27, 2010 UK DEFRA News Release is posted at <br>
<a
href="http://nds.coi.gov.uk/content/detail.aspx?ReleaseID=416199&NewsAreaID=2">http://nds.coi.gov.uk/content/detail.aspx?ReleaseID=416199&NewsAreaID=2</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>The
report is available for download at <br>
<a href="http://www.countrysidesurvey.org.uk/">http://www.countrysidesurvey.org.uk/</a>
<br>
Specifically at <br>
<a
href="http://www.countrysidesurvey.org.uk/pdf/reports2007/CS_UK_2007_TR10.pdf">http://www.countrysidesurvey.org.uk/pdf/reports2007/CS_UK_2007_TR10.pdf</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Contact:
</span></strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>The
lead author of the Integrated Assessment is Dr. Simon Smart who is with the
Centre for Ecology & Hydrology in Wallingford, UK at +44 (0)1491 838800;
e-mail: <a href="mailto:ssma@ceh.ac.uk">ssma@ceh.ac.uk</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Summary:
</span></strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>The
text of the October 27, 2010 UK DEFRA News Release follows <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>New
scientific study helps to reveal possible reasons for the decline of
pollinators <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Findings
from a new scientific study, released today by the Countryside Survey
Partnership, show that the total effect of changes to small patches of land
over a number of years could be one of the factors in the decline of
pollinating insects such as bees. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>The
Countryside Survey Integrated Assessment report examines the status and trends
of ecological processes that have value for individuals or society within Great
Britain. Headline messages from the report concern different ecosystem
services, including pollination, soils, and the quality of freshwaters and
their relationship with biodiversity. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>The
analysis reveals that between 1990 and 2007 the number of wild plant species
that provide nectar for bees has decreased, in small patches of semi natural
habitat. These small but highly significant changes combine to make a total
reduction in the areas supporting wild nectar providing plants that pollinators
rely on. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Environment
Secretary, Caroline Spelman, said: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>“Pollinating
insects are vital to our existence, helping to provide the food on our tables.
It is important that we investigate the causes of the decline and take action
to address it. The UK has some of the best environmental scientists in the
world and using their skills we are gathering more information on changes to
our land and the effects this has on species and habitats. This survey will
help us analyse what effects policy decisions have and where and how we need to
take action.” <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Lead
author of the Integrated Assessment, Dr Simon Smart from the Centre for Ecology
& Hydrology, said: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>“Quantifying
ecosystem services and understanding the interactions between them provides a
significant challenge for scientists, one which we’re only just
developing techniques to investigate. This new analysis, possible because of a
unique national dataset, delivers, for the first time, evidence that key global
change phenomena such as air pollution and land use change have affected
delivery of ecosystems services across the British countryside over the last
two decades. As well as measuring different services, such as pollination,
we’ve also determined possible causes of changes in services over time,
and even modelled what might happen under a number of ‘what if’
scenarios.” <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>The
report concludes that the decline is mainly due to nectar providing plants
being crowded out by the growth of more competitive plant species. This
overgrowth may be related to reduced management and air pollution where the
deposition of nitrogenous compounds from the air acts like a fertilizer. In one
habitat type - streamside margins - this reduced management has had benefits
for freshwater quality, indicating the importance of not considering single
ecosystem benefits in isolation. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>The
in-depth study of the habitats, soils and landscape features was carried out by
scientists using specially developed electronic recording tools and web-enabled
data systems to improve the efficiency of data collection. Many of the same
sites have been monitored for each survey since 1978, but additional sites have
been added in each survey to improve estimates of change in specific
geographical areas. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Notes
to Editors <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>1. The
Countryside Survey can be found at: <a
href="http://www.countrysidesurvey.org.uk/">http://www.countrysidesurvey.org.uk/</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>2. The
Countryside Survey is funded by a partnership of government-funded bodies led by
the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Department for
Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra). Other partners include: Natural
England, Welsh Assembly Government, Scottish Government, Northern Ireland
Environment Agency, the Forestry Commission, Countryside Council for Wales and
Scottish Natural Heritage. Countryside Survey is conducted by NERC's Centre for
Ecology & Hydrology. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>3. A
team of 80 specially trained scientists from the Centre for Ecology &
Hydrology carried out the survey of 591 randomly selected one-kilometre square
sites, containing around 15,000 vegetation sampling plots, in England, Scotland
and Wales during the summer of 2007. A complementary survey was carried out in
Northern Ireland at the same time. Surveys were undertaken in 1978, 1984, 1990,
1998 and 2007. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>4. The
Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) is the UK's Centre of Excellence for
integrated research in the land and freshwater ecosystems and their interaction
with the atmosphere. Media Relations Manager Dr Barnaby Smith can be contacted
on +44(0)7920 295384 or <a href="mailto:bpgs@ceh.ac.uk">bpgs@ceh.ac.uk</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>5. NERC
is the UK's main agency for funding and managing world-class research, training
and knowledge exchange in the environmental sciences. NERC receives around
£400m a year from the government's science budget, which it uses to fund
independent research and training in universities and its own research centres.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Go to
the DEFRA Press Release and Web sites listed in this email for additional
information and details. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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