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<DIV>FYI - Milkweed</DIV>
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From: bonnielore@comcast.net<BR>To: lda@pollinator.org,
buchmann.stephen@gmail.com<BR>Sent: 8/30/2011 4:00:26 P.M. Pacific Daylight
Time<BR>Subj: Fwd: phytoplasma....disease on milkweed in MN<BR></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=Arial color=#000000 size=2><BR><BR>Here is the answer to what is happening to our
milkweed populations this summer.
<DIV>Apparently, nothing can be done about it. Seed pod production is
diminished.<BR>
<DIV>In spite of the disease I have seen 4 monarch caterpillars...more than
last year:)</DIV>
<DIV>Bonnie Harper-Lore</DIV>
<DIV></DIV></DIV><BR><BR><IMG SRC="cid:X.MA1.1314751089@aol.com" DATASIZE="73565" ID="MA1.1314751089" ><BR><BR>
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<DIV>Begin forwarded message:</DIV><BR class=Apple-interchange-newline>
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<DIV style="MARGIN: 0px"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: medium; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica'"><B>From:
</B></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: medium; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica'">Karen
Oberhauser <<A title=mailto:oberh001@umn.edu href="mailto:oberh001@umn.edu">oberh001@umn.edu</A>><BR></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="MARGIN: 0px"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: medium; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica'"><B>Date:
</B></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: medium; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica'">August
22, 2011 12:42:56 PM CDT<BR></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="MARGIN: 0px"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: medium; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica'"><B>To: </B></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: medium; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica'">Bonnie Harper-Lore
<<A title=mailto:bonnielore@comcast.net href="mailto:bonnielore@comcast.net">bonnielore@comcast.net</A>><BR></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="MARGIN: 0px"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: medium; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica'"><B>Subject:
</B></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: medium; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica'"><B>Fwd:
phytoplasma</B><BR></SPAN></DIV><BR>Hi Bonnie,<BR><BR>It was fun to talk
with you this morning. Here is some information on the milkweed
phytoplasma, as promised.<BR><BR>Karen<BR><BR>
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<DIV>Begin forwarded message:</DIV><BR>
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<DIV style="MARGIN: 0px"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: medium; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica'"><B>From:
</B></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: medium; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica'">Ba
Rea <<A title=mailto:barea@basrelief.org href="mailto:barea@basrelief.org" target=_blank>barea@basrelief.org</A>><BR></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style="MARGIN: 0px"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: medium; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica'"><B>Date:
</B></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: medium; FONT-FAMILY: 'Helvetica'">June
20, 2011 8:47:05 AM EDT<BR></SPAN></DIV><BR>
<DIV>I posted a couple of pictures on my facebook account last
night. This is a public link: <BR><A title=https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.2043124112256.2118258.1068950715&l=d7ec28d7dd href="https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.2043124112256.2118258.1068950715&l=d7ec28d7dd" target=_blank>https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.2043124112256.2118258.1068950715&l=d7ec28d7dd</A>
<BR>There are a variety of ways that the plant shows that it is
affected. They are always pale, the spindly feature is pretty common
too especially if it is second year. The extra branching on milkweeds that
normally don't branch is also pretty symptomatic. <BR><BR>I had
heard that phytoplasma was used to make pointsettas branch out so there
would be many blossoms on a plant and was curious what it would do with my
milkweed when it showed up. Also the patch it first showed up in had
numerous clones and lilies all growing intertwined so I wasn't sure how to
get it out of there. It was an interesting experiment that I will
NOT repeat. The originally robust, well established milkweed clones
continued to send up ramets for three years, but each year they were more
deformed. The last year they were short and extremely numerous and
very pale and spindly.This year that patch is virtually milkweed free.
<BR><BR>I have found that if I cut the affected plant to the ground
a couple of times it simply dies off on its own and it available for the
planthoppers to feed on, pick up the disease and spread it. I lost a
lot of milkweed along the way including plantings of A.exaltata, A.
incarnata, A. purpurascens, and A. tuberosa.
<BR><BR>Ba<BR><BR><BR></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV><FONT color=#888888><BR><BR clear=all><BR>-- <BR>Karen Oberhauser<BR>Associate
Professor and Director of Graduate Studies, Conservation
Biology<BR>Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation
Biology<BR>University of Minnesota<BR><A title="tel:612 624-8706" href="tel:612%20624-8706" target=_blank value="+16126248706">612
624-8706</A><BR><A title=http://fwcb.cfans.umn.edu/oberhauser/ href="http://fwcb.cfans.umn.edu/oberhauser/" target=_blank>http://fwcb.cfans.umn.edu/oberhauser/</A><BR><BR></FONT></DIV><BR><BR clear=all><BR>-- <BR>Karen Oberhauser<BR>Associate Professor and Director of
Graduate Studies, Conservation Biology<BR>Department of Fisheries, Wildlife,
and Conservation Biology<BR>University of Minnesota<BR>612 624-8706<BR><A title=http://fwcb.cfans.umn.edu/oberhauser/ href="http://fwcb.cfans.umn.edu/oberhauser/" target=_blank>http://fwcb.cfans.umn.edu/oberhauser/</A><BR><BR></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><BR></DIV></DIV>=</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>