We think of insects as this planet's primary transporters of pollen but hundreds (thousands?) of plant species enjoy sexual reproduction without making a single grain of pollen, cone or flower. Over the last six years some authorities have noted that mites and spring-tails carry the sperm of some moss species. Does this occur because these little arthropods like to live in moist, moss beds or do mosses produce something to attract them? Since mites and springtails are "visually challenged" there should be a scent cue. Please go to the link below and read the Abstract. Popularized accounts of this research are now on other websites as well. If mosses employ odor as a common attractant to turn arthropods into sperm taxis some important, college text books on introductory botany will have to make an addition. Could this also mean that the haploid, bisexual, prothallus stage in the life-cycle of most ferns does the same thing?<div>
<br></div><div><a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature11330.html">http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature11330.html</a> </div><div><br></div><div>Peter Bernhardt</div>