<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Thanks! </div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">
We don't have a biochemist working with us, but since my culinary preferences are similar to yours, we may have to work on that!</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">
Lisa</div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, Dec 4, 2013 at 1:44 PM, Peter Bernhardt <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:bernhap2@slu.edu" target="_blank">bernhap2@slu.edu</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr">Very interesting, Lisa and good. luck on this upcoming experiment. It's very appropriate you are conducting it in Virginia. Presumably the wild species (and co-parent of today's supermarket strawberries) was first collected in Virginia. Fragaria virginiana is the ancestral co-parent of all supermarket strawberries with F. chiloensis. <div>
<br></div><div>Will you have a biochemist comparing sugars and fragrances in your ripe strawberries? The only thing I don't care for at all in the last Abstract was the unhappy news that bee-pollinated strawberries produced fruit with lower sugar levels. Now, does anyone really, really, really want to eat odorless, stiff and less sweet strawberries just because they were bee-pollinated? We've all been to restaurants or buffets in which they are the color of glistening rubies but they're "tough" and insipid.</div>
<span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888">
<div><br></div><div>Peter </div></font></span></div><div class="HOEnZb"><div class="h5"><div class="gmail_extra"><br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, Dec 4, 2013 at 12:27 PM, Lisa Horth <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:lisahorth@gmail.com" target="_blank">lisahorth@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Peter and all others interested.....</div>
<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">
We may be able to answer that very soon. We based a recently funded grant, in-part, on the selfing vs insect pollinated data for strawberries. This spring we will use mason bees to pollinate (hopefully!) strawberries on farms in VA. The farmers typically use honey bees, so we hope to have comparative data to answer this question by fall.</div>
<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Lisa Horth</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">
<br></div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div><div>On Wed, Dec 4, 2013 at 1:18 PM, Peter Bernhardt <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:bernhap2@slu.edu" target="_blank">bernhap2@slu.edu</a>></span> wrote:<br>
</div></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<u></u>
<div>
<span> </span>
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<div><div><div>
<div>
<p></p><div dir="ltr">Dear David:<div><br></div><div>Thanks for finding this paper. One of the next papers of the Bernhardt/Meier lab will address fieldwork on bee-pollination of Cypripedium montanum (Oregon) but, at one of our sites, the orchids bloomed at the same time as two, extensive populations of native strawberry varieties. The orchid and the strawberry flowers shared pollinators in the families Andrenidae and Halictidae. </div>
<div><br></div><div>Considering the physical size of strawberry flowers one wonders whether cross-pollinated fruit set in domesticated strawberries would be higher when pollinated by small, native bees or by commercial honeybees? Do honeybees carrying pollen "hit" the tiny stigmas in each flower as often and as thoroughly as tiny, solitary bees?</div>
<div><br></div><div>Peter</div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, Dec 4, 2013 at 11:10 AM, David Inouye <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:inouye@umd.edu" target="_blank">inouye@umd.edu</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left:1px #ccc solid">
<div>
<font>Klatt, B. K., et al. (2014). "Bee pollination improves
crop quality, shelf life and commercial value." <u>Proceedings of
the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</u> <b>281</b>(1775).<br><br>
<u></u> <u></u>
Pollination improves the yield of most crop species and contributes to
one-third of global crop production, but comprehensive benefits including
crop quality are still unknown. Hence, pollination is underestimated by
international policies, which is particularly alarming in times of
agricultural intensification and diminishing pollination services. In
this study, exclusion experiments with strawberries showed bee
pollination to improve fruit quality, quantity and market value compared
with wind and self-pollination. Bee-pollinated fruits were heavier, had
less malformations and reached higher commercial grades. They had
increased redness and reduced sugar and were firmer, thus improving the
commercially important shelf life. Longer shelf life reduced fruit loss
by at least 11%. This is accounting for 0.32 billion US$ of the 1.44
billion US$ provided by bee pollination to the total value of 2.90
billion US$ made with strawberry selling in the European Union 2009. The
fruit quality and yield effects are driven by the pollination-mediated
production of hormonal growth regulators, which occur in several
pollination-dependent crops. Thus, our comprehensive findings should be
transferable to a wide range of crops and demonstrate bee pollination to
be a hitherto underestimated but vital and economically important
determinant of fruit quality.<br><br>
</font></div>
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</font></span></blockquote></div><span><font color="#888888"><br><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div dir="ltr"><font face="verdana, sans-serif" color="#999999">Lisa Horth, PhD<br>Associate Professor<br>
Dept of Biological Science<br>Old Dominion University<br>
Norfolk, VA 23529</font></div>
</font></span></div>
</blockquote></div><br></div>
</div></div></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div dir="ltr"><font face="verdana, sans-serif" color="#999999">Lisa Horth, PhD<br>Associate Professor<br>Dept of Biological Science<br>Old Dominion University<br>
Norfolk, VA 23529</font></div>
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