<div dir="ltr"><h1 id="page-title" class="">Local gardens provide protection for threatened pollinators</h1><a href="http://news.psu.edu/story/319579/2014/06/28/research/local-gardens-provide-protection-threatened-pollinators">http://news.psu.edu/story/319579/2014/06/28/research/local-gardens-provide-protection-threatened-pollinators</a><br clear="all">
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<div class="">by Sara LaJeunesse</div><div class="">June 28, 2014</div> </div>
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<p>UNIVERSITY
PARK, Pa. -- After a long winter, summer finally has arrived. And with
the new season comes the activity of pollinators -- birds, bees,
butterflies and more.</p>
<p>These animals are threatened by habitat loss, pesticides and herbicides, pollution and climate change. To help them, the <a href="http://ento.psu.edu/pollinators">Center for Pollinator Research</a> in Penn State's <a href="http://agsci.psu.edu">College of Agricultural Sciences</a>, the <a href="http://extension.psu.edu">Penn State Extension</a> Master Gardener Program and <a href="http://arboretum.psu.edu/">The Arboretum at Penn State</a>
are partnering to create a large network of public and private
pollinator gardens throughout central Pennsylvania, as well as provide
educational programs about pollinators to local citizens.</p>
<p>"Approximately 90 percent of all flowering plants and 75 percent of
human crops depend on pollinators to set seed and fruit," said Doug
Ford, assistant dean for undergraduate education in the College of
Health and Human Development and chair of the program advisory committee
for the <a href="http://extension.psu.edu/plants/master-gardener/counties/centre">Master Gardeners of Centre County</a>.
"Any decline of pollinators will have a devastating impact on our
ecosystems and consequently human health and sustainability."</p>
<p>That's why the three organizations are calling on members of the
community to assist with the effort to protect and enhance pollinator
populations. They hope that by visiting local public pollinator gardens,
planting their own pollinator gardens and participating in the Master
Gardener Pollinator Friendly Garden Certification Program, local
citizens will make central Pennsylvania a safe haven for pollinators and
the services they provide.</p>
<p><strong>Visit a public pollinator garden</strong></p>
<p>According to Christina Grozinger, professor of entomology and
director of the Center for Pollinator Research, public pollinator
gardens -- such as those at The Arboretum at Penn State and the
Snetsinger Butterfly Garden at Tudek Park in Ferguson Township -- are
important because they provide habitat and food sources for large and
diverse populations of pollinators, they offer an opportunity to teach
people about the importance of pollinators, and they showcase the
breathtaking variety of pollinator-friendly plants that exist.</p>
<p>At the arboretum, the pollinator gardens serve as model gardens and
habitats and promote biodiversity and sustainable practices that can be
used in urban, suburban and rural landscapes.</p>
<p>"Through the arboretum's pollinator gardens, we want to communicate
the importance of pollination to humans and the ecosystems on which we
depend," said Harland Patch, research scientist in entomology and chair
of the Center for Pollinator Research's Pollinator Gardens Committee.</p>
<p>"Eventually, we plan to build a series of gardens related to
different kinds of habitat, such as wetlands, meadows and forests, as
well as gardens intended for evening pollinators," he said. "We also
have a Backyard Pollinator's Garden to help demonstrate how native and
non-native plants can be mixed to support pollinator communities.
Ultimately, since this is a garden, we want to promote the simple beauty
of pollinator plants. Many of the best plants are not available from
growers, and we would like to increase awareness with the public and
encourage wider cultivation of these plants."</p>
<p>The pollinator gardens at the arboretum also provide opportunities for conducting research and implementing research findings.</p>
<p>"The gardens are created from the best available science and are an
ongoing laboratory for research at Penn State," Patch said. "Other
pollinator gardens have focused on a few pollinators, usually
butterflies and now bees, with hummingbirds thrown in, but over the past
decade, scientific research has allowed us to make more informed and
targeted choices about plants to grow, nest sites and other features
necessary for thriving pollinator populations. These gardens support all
pollinating groups -- including beetles, flies and moths -- with a
broad array of mostly native plants."</p>
<p>Further west, the Snetsinger Butterfly Garden at Tudek Park, at three
acres, is the largest public pollinator garden in the region. It is
maintained by the Penn State Master Gardener Program of Centre County,
which also manages the <a href="http://agsci.psu.edu/apd">Ag Progress Days</a>
pollinator garden program and pollinator gardens at Muddy Paws Marsh in
Spring Mills, Bellefonte Children's Garden and Centre Crest nursing
home in Bellefonte.</p>
<p>"Dr. Snetsinger [Penn State professor emeritus of entomology] and the
Master Gardeners of Centre County have developed the Snetsinger
Butterfly Garden into a major educational resource that reaches far
beyond the Centre Region," said Ford. "Locally, through the garden's
onsite demonstration gardens, Web-linked signage and Community Stewards
program, visitors are provided with an interactive experience. In
addition, as visitors walk through the habitat they can ask questions of
master gardeners and community stewards, who are often onsite working
in the habitat."</p>
<p><strong>Grow your own pollinator garden</strong></p>
<p>Grozinger noted that public pollinator gardens are great sources of
inspiration for visitors about the types of plants they might want to
select for their own gardens.</p>
<p>"Gardeners can choose plants based on their beauty; the type of
habitat they thrive in; the types of pollinators they attract; and how
they help pollinators, either by providing nectar and pollen-rich
flowers, food for caterpillars or nesting habitat," she said.</p>
<p>Grozinger explained that the best private pollinator gardens include a variety of species of plants.</p>
<p>"Pollinators collect nectar and pollen from flowers, and the
nutritional quality of each plant species is a little different," she
said. "Pollinators typically need to feed from lots of different plant
species to get the nutrition they need to survive and rear their young.
Furthermore, an ideal garden will have plants that bloom at different
times of the year, so the pollinators always have food."</p>
<p>Grozinger said some pollinators specialize on specific plant species,
so by planting a diversity of flowers, gardeners can attract more
pollinator species. "Pollinators also use plants for more than just
their flowers -- some butterfly caterpillars eat the leaves of specific
plants while others use plants to nest in."</p>
<p>These private gardens are important, Grozinger stressed, because the more habitat pollinators have, the more they will thrive.</p>
<p>"While we can plant a few large gardens in and around State College,
if we have networks of pollinator gardens throughout the community, they
will provide substantially more habitat and food resources for
pollinators and have a much bigger impact," she said. "These home-based
gardens also can help children and families get more in tune with nature
and learn about a critical part of our ecosystems."</p>
<p><strong>Participate in the Master Gardener Pollinator Friendly Garden Certification Program</strong></p>
<p>The Penn State Master Gardener Program has extensive programs to help
homeowners -- and business owners -- learn to create pollinator gardens
on their properties. For example, the program manages the Snetsinger
Butterfly Garden's Satellite Garden Partnership Program, which provides
onsite educational programs and consultation to numerous schools and
other educational, religious, community, governmental and human-service
organizations for the purpose of installing their own pollinator
gardens.</p>
<p>"With the loss of pollinator habitat as one of the most critical
reasons for the decline of pollinators throughout the United States,
individuals, schools, businesses and communities can play a vital role
by creating pollinator-friendly habitats on their properties and in
their backyards," said Ford. </p>
<p>The Master Gardener Program also manages the <a href="http://ento.psu.edu/pollinators/public-outreach/cert">Pollinator Friendly Garden Certification Program</a>.
This program enables homeowners to have their properties certified as
"Pennsylvania Pollinator Friendly Gardens," which provide food and
habitat for native insects and animals that, in turn, provide the
pollination needed to protect our plant diversity and food sources.</p>
<p>"Gardeners who visit our website can learn all they need to know
about making their landscape pollinator friendly," said Connie
Schmotzer, consumer horticulture educator for Penn State Extension.
"When they are ready to certify their property, they download and
complete an application, which is reviewed by a Master Gardener review
committee. Properties that certify receive a certificate and the
opportunity to purchase a sign for their yard."</p>
<p>According to Schmotzer, the program began in April 2011 and has
certified 346 gardens across the state since that time, including
plantings at the Governor's Residence in Harrisburg.</p>
<p>"Pollinators are responsible for one of every three bites of food
that we eat," Schmotzer said. "They also are responsible for our
ecosystem as we know it. The typical suburban yard is mostly lawn and a
few plants that may or may not have value for pollinators. Following the
recommendations in our Pollinator Friendly Garden Program and creating
pollinator friendly gardens is an important step in pollinator
recovery."</p>
<p><strong>Learn more:</strong></p>
<p><a href="http://www.snetsingerbutterflygarden.org/plantin.html">Planting for pollinators</a></p>
<p><a href="http://ento.psu.edu/pollinators/public-outreach/cert/Cert-steps-main">Certify your pollinator garden</a></p>
<p><a href="http://ento.psu.edu/pollinators/public-outreach/centre-county-pollinator-garden-network">Centre County Pollinator Garden Network</a></p><br></div></div>
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