<div dir="ltr"><div>Our lab has been studying the pollination biology of swamp milkweed (Asclepias incarnata) at the Shaw Nature Reserve (Missouri). Yesterday afternoon, I caught three insects visiting the flowers and two were female carpenter bees, Xylocopa virginiana. Before pinning a specimen I count the number of milkweed pollinarium plugs (corpuscula) attached to their mouth parts and legs. Upon turning this specimen over I noticed these yellowish globs on the thorax and the bases of the legs. These yellow globs were very hard and really cemented to the bee. A sample was scraped off, broken up with a pin and stained with Calberla's fluid. As expected, it was composed of compacted grains of pollen from several species. </div><div><br></div><div>Can someone tell me what went on here? How did this bee accumulate these hard lumps on the underside of its thorax? Was it making a pollen loaf but was rather sloppy about it? Is hard pollen a known "building block" in carpenter bee burrows? I've caught dozens of these bees over the last five years on two milkweed species but this is the first time I've ever seen this sort of hardened mass. Dr Camilo is thanked for his photos.</div><div><br></div><br><div class="gmail_quote">---------- Forwarded message ----------<br>From: <b class="gmail_sendername">Gerardo Camilo</b> <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:camilogr@slu.edu">camilogr@slu.edu</a>></span><br>Date: Tue, Aug 2, 2016 at 10:50 AM<br>Subject: Xylocopa glob pics<br>To: Peter Bernhardt <<a href="mailto:bernhap2@slu.edu">bernhap2@slu.edu</a>><br><br><br><span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><div dir="ltr"><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr">Gerardo R Camilo, Ph.D.<br>Assoc. Professor of Biology<div>Bioinformatics and Computational Biology<div> & International Studies<br>Conservation Fellow, St. Louis Zoo</div></div></div></div>
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