<div dir="ltr"><div>Good to see an update...but many questions remain...</div><div><br></div><div>My questions interspersed between the original text posted below...</div><div><br></div><div>Identification of Bees. We identified all</div><div>bees recorded as native to North America</div><div>and Hawaii in the Discover Life database</div><div>(<a href="http://www.discoverlife.org">www.discoverlife.org</a>) and checked them</div><div>for taxonomic validity in the Integrated</div><div>Taxonomic Information System database</div><div>(<a href="http://www.itis.gov">www.itis.gov</a>) and recent peer-reviewed</div><div>journal articles, especially those published in</div><div>ZooKeys. This resulted in a base list of</div><div>4,337 native bees to review for conservation</div><div>status.</div><div><br></div><div>||What is the definition of North America? Are the Caribbean and Mexico included? The U.S. has only about 3600 valid names and Hawaii only 60 or so, if I recall.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>Conservation Status. We used Discover</div><div>Life occurrence data, museum records,</div><div>International Union for the Conservation of</div><div>Nature (IUCN) and NatureServe species</div><div>accounts, U.S. Department of Agriculture</div><div>Farm Service Agency Cropland Conversion</div><div>Datasets [37], U.S. Department of</div><div>Agriculture State and County Profiles [63],</div><div>U.S. Geological Survey National Synthesis</div><div>Project for Pesticide Use Maps [64], and</div><div>peer review and gray literature to determine</div><div>whether the conservation status of each</div><div>species was determinable and, if so, what</div><div>the status was.</div><div><br></div><div>||Need to explain this in more detail...for example how exactly were DL records and museum records used? Lots of tricky statistical issues here.</div><div><br></div><div>Each species was classified as DataSufficient</div><div>(1,437) or Data-Deficient (2,900),</div><div>indicating whether sufficient data were</div><div>available to assign a conservation status with</div><div>reasonable certainty.</div><div><br></div><div>||Need definitions for how these 2 categories were determined||</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>Data-Sufficient species were classified as</div><div>Secure or Declining based on changes in</div><div>their population size or range between 2005</div><div>and 2015, or if data were lacking from that</div><div>period, between 1985 and the last reported</div><div>occurrence year. </div><div><br></div><div>||Again a tricky statistical topic....what data set was used or created? How did you account for differences in sampling effort? ||</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>In keeping with IUCN</div><div>methodology, we classified species as</div><div>Secure if they declined by less than 30</div><div>percent between 2005 and 2015 and</div><div>Declining if they declined by 30 percent or</div><div>more during this period. Departing from the</div><div>IUCN, species with no data after 2005 were</div><div>classified as Secure if they declined by less</div><div>than 40 percent between 1985 and the last</div><div>reported occurrence, and Declining if they</div><div>declined by 40 percent or more. Range</div><div>change percent was calculated from</div><div>presence/absence reports at the county level</div><div>or a 30-mile radius of a latitude/longitude</div><div>point.</div><div>We classified species as Threatened if they</div><div>were categorized as Threatened (i.e.</div><div>Vulnerable, Endangered, Critically</div><div>Endangered) by the IUCN (Red List 3.1,</div><div>Second Edition), Vulnerable or worse (G3,</div><div>G2, G1, GH, GX) by NatureServe,</div><div>Vulnerable or worse (Vulnerable, Imperiled,</div><div>Critically Imperiled) by the Xerces Society,</div><div>Threatened or Endangered by the</div><div>Committee on the Status of Endangered</div><div>Wildlife in Canada, or Vulnerable or worse</div><div>(S3, S2, S1, SH, SX) by state natural</div><div>heritage programs when species were absent</div><div>from NatureServe, or Critically Endangered</div><div>or Vulnerable by Griswold et al. [65]. This</div><div>resulted in our listing 184 species as</div><div>Threatened.</div><div>We independently applied the IUCN and</div><div>NatureServe ranking criteria to all species</div><div>we judged to be Data-Sufficient but that</div><div>were absent from, or unranked by, the above </div><div>4</div><div>groups. We classified these species as</div><div>Threatened if they met either the IUCN</div><div>Threatened or the NatureServe Vulnerable</div><div>or worse criteria. This resulted in another</div><div>163 species being classified as Threatened.</div><div><br></div><div>|| I, think if you put the list out for review you would find that many people would disagree that some of these species are declining or threatened ||</div><div><br></div><div><div>Our study — which adds another 1,121</div><div>species with a known conservation status to</div><div>the previous work — reached a similar result:</div><div>52 percent of species with a determinable</div><div>status are declining and 24 percent are</div><div>threatened with extinction</div></div><div><br></div><div>|| Note that under normal circumstances half of the species in region would be increasing and half would be decreasing ||</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>sam</div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Tue, Mar 7, 2017 at 3:14 PM, peter jenkins <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:jenkinsbiopolicy@gmail.com" target="_blank">jenkinsbiopolicy@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large"><br clear="all"></div><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="font:12px/normal verdana;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="font:12px/normal verdana;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="font:12px/normal verdana;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><font face="Arial" size="4"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:verdana;font-size:12px"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="font:12px/normal verdana;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="font:12px/normal verdana;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="font:12px/normal verdana;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="font:12px/normal verdana;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="font:12px/normal verdana;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="font:12px/normal verdana;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><font face="Arial" size="4"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:verdana;font-size:12px"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="font:12px/normal verdana;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="font:12px/normal verdana;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><span style="font:12px/normal verdana;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-transform:none;text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;word-spacing:0px;white-space:normal;border-collapse:separate;font-size-adjust:none;font-stretch:normal"><font face="Arial" size="4"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:verdana;font-size:12px"><div><font size="2"><font face="Times New Roman">
<br></font></font></div><div class="m_4742557779480795190gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div><div><div><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="2"><br></font></p><font face="Calibri" size="3"><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="2">As this came up on Pollinators-L</font></p><div class="gmail_default" style="display:inline"><font size="2">, especially from Sam Droege, please</font></div><font size="2"> post </font><p></p><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large;display:inline"><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="2">this update. Thank you,<br><br></font></p><div dir="ltr"><div><font size="2"><div style="font-family:helvetica,arial;display:inline"></div><span style="font-family:helvetica,arial">Peter T. Jenkins, </span></font><font size="2"> email: </font><a href="mailto:jenkinsbiopolicy@gmail.com" target="_blank"><font size="2">jenkinsbiopol<wbr>icy@gmail</font><font size="2">.com</font></a><font size="2"> tel: 301.500.<wbr>4383</font></div><div><span class="m_4742557779480795190gmail-m_2322507182587628669m_2055013230555290085gmail-HOEnZb" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:verdana"></span><div><font size="2"></font></div>//////////////////////////////<wbr>//////////////////////////////<wbr>//////<br></div></div><br></div><p></p></font><font face="Calibri" size="3"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-size:large;display:inline"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="3"><br></font></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="3"> </font></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="3">Last week a couple people had some questions about our new
report, Pollinators in Peril. Here is our response.</font></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><ol style="list-style-type:decimal;direction:ltr"><li style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0in;margin-bottom:0pt">Was the paper peer reviewed? No. Like most grey
literature, including most reports issued by non-profit advocacy groups, it was
not.</p></li><li style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:"calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:"calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0in;margin-bottom:0pt">Can we provide more details on the methodology
used? Yes. We’ve updated the methodology section to provide that information.
Please see the new methods section <a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.biologicaldiversity.org_campaigns_native-5Fpollinators_pdfs_Pollinators-5Fin-5FPeril.pdf&d=DQMFAg&c=euGZstcaTDllvimEN8b7jXrwqOf-v5A_CdpgnVfiiMM&r=-gO9I8xtrycgNoikPlMx1WfgL_i4nK76aFhJT_XHle4&m=OQG1AIFHqnRzJqgiR5RQHPuh4guMiWEC-vWwh5xaBkk&s=x1BCIEzQRkhOVnYJ6DlDXKBjpxrv4gNmNol85FFdCq8&e=" target="_blank"><font color="#0000ff">here.
</font></a> </p></li><li style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:"calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:"calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0in;margin-bottom:0pt">Why weren’t individual accounts of each of the
bee species presented? Including individual narratives on 4337 bee species
would be impractical in such a publication. This report is the first
publication of a long term pollinator research and protection project. In the
future we’ll provide more extensive web-based data availability. </p></li></ol><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="3">Thanks for your concern about our native bees.</font></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="3">-Lori Ann</font></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="3"> </font></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="3">……………………………………………….</font></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="3">Lori Ann Burd</font></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="3">Environmental Health Director</font></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="3">Center <i>for</i></font><font size="3"> Biological Diversity</font></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="3">971-717-6405</font></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="3"> </font></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><span style="font-family:"times new roman","serif";font-size:12pt"> </span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font></div></font><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font face="Calibri" size="3"></font></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></span></span></font></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></font></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></font></span><div class="m_4742557779480795190gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><br></div></div></span><div class="m_4742557779480795190gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><br></div></div></span><div class="m_4742557779480795190gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><br></div></div></span><div class="m_4742557779480795190gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><br></div></div></span><div class="m_4742557779480795190gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><br></div></div>
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<br>______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
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<br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div style="text-align:center"><i><b>Bees are Not Optional</b></i></div><div style="text-align:center"><i><b><font size="1">Apes sunt et non liberum</font><br></b></i></div></div></div>
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