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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">All <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">We (USGS/FWS Native Bee Lab) have developed a simple Plant/Bumble Bee Survey that permits anyone to survey what plants Bumble Bees use anywhere there are Bumble Bees (literally).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">We call it “Ask a Bumble Bee.”
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">We are recruiting individuals and networks such as Master Naturalist, Master Gardeners, State and Federal biologists and similar entities to encourage and redistribute to their members.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Our goal is to quantify which plants bumble bees use, rank them by that use, and also identify which ones they don’t use.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">(you would think we would already know this, but we mostly have anecdotal and scattered studies that largely don’t quantify the plants they don’t use). See the bottom of this email for what we did
with our 2021 pilot data.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">So: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0in" type="disc">
<li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">You don’t need to identify bumble bee species (though our goal is to get you there)<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Everything is non-lethal<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">You only need a cellphone (for taking pictures of plants), pencil, paper<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">You can survey any location where bumble bees occur<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Your garden, arboretums, parks, plantings, natural areas, refuges, urban, suburban, farm, wilderness, roadsides, and weedy patches are all places
we would like you to survey. The richer the plant diversity, the more plants are competing for bumble bees and clearer preference will be<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">You can survey a site repeatedly throughout the year.<o:p></o:p></span></li></ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">The target regions are the states: ME,NH,VT,CT,MA,RI,NY,NJ,VA,MD,DC,WV. What if you are not in those states or are in Canada, can you participate? Yes! And, we will process data from the primary
states first and those outside later. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Can you just use the protocol for one of your projects? Sure, and encouraged.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Basic instructions (see attached for details).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0in" type="disc">
<li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Half hour walk<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">You can take whatever path you like<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Take notes about all the blooming plants to 10 feet on either side or that path (yes, including invasives and garden flowering that are not
native)<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Count all the bees (and carpenter bees!) along this route and note what flowers are they on<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Take pictures of all the flowering species (so we can check ids).<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Take pictures of your field sheets and upload all the pictures using your phone (no apps to download!)<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Done (but we want you do more than one really)<o:p></o:p></span></li></ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">How will this help anything?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0in" type="disc">
<li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">It allows us to quantify what bumble bees use (by species) and don’t use<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Plant use information can be plugged into planting guides<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">We can look at differences among regions and plant combinations<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">We can identify overlooked bumble bee plants<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">We can look at non-native and native plants<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">We can downvote currently favored bumble bee plants (if they get a low score)<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">We can compare use across states, urban/non-urban, parks, etc.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">We can look at bumble bee counts and their relationship to location and the plants at that location<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">You can get copies of all the data and use it however, you like (for example, you might want to compare bumble bees use of an area that you
have begun planting to one that you have not)<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Researchers can play with these data in any way they like.<o:p></o:p></span></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">We can assign your area (for example a park or a group of people like PA Master Gardeners) a project code and generate separate reports of results
just for you.<o:p></o:p></span></li></ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">How can I get involved?: Just email Jenan El-Hifnawi
<a href="mailto:bumblebeecount@gmail.com">bumblebeecount@gmail.com</a> (copied) our fabulous coordinator and she will sign you up and can answer detailed questions.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">When do things start?: Once you see the first bumble bee, of course. We are particularly interested in what flowers emerging queen’s use. The poor things have been sitting underground all winter
and are vulnerable to starvation if there are no plants to feed on. No queens, no bumble bees. So, we want to figure out what good queen food is.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Now for Some Pilot Results:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">We completed about 100 surveys during the pilot project (thanks participants!), mostly these came from the end of the bumble bee season. We extracted data for each plant that occurred on at least
10 of those surveys and created an index of use (we can send you details about that index if you wish).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Remember this only includes a subset of the region’s plants…so just compare the use from among this list. If a plant is not included that is your fav, it could score high, but we did not get enough
surveys (Hint: You could change that this year).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">The bigger the index number the “better” the plant for bumble bees (yes, we know that we are lumping all sorts of Bumble Bees together here, but have removed that carpenter bee use data).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Plants that had Bumble Bees:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Cup plant in only vaguely native to the region (occurs only naturally in VA, but look at its use!). Interesting to see how low the “Susans” score as well as Dandelions.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><img border="0" width="602" height="606" style="width:6.2708in;height:6.3125in" id="Picture_x0020_1" src="cid:image001.png@01D82B0E.C53040C0" alt="Table
Description automatically generated"></span><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Plants that no Bumble Bee Visited: Interesting to see that Yarrow, Fleabane, and Queen Anne’s Lace had no use.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><img border="0" width="622" height="545" style="width:6.4791in;height:5.677in" id="Picture_x0020_2" src="cid:image002.png@01D82B0E.C53040C0" alt="Table
Description automatically generated"></span><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Sam and Jenan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Letter to Someone Living Fifty Years from Now<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Most likely, you think we hated the elephant,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">the golden toad, the thylacine and all variations<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">of whale harpooned or hacked into extinction.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">It must seem like we sought to leave you nothing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">but benzene, mercury, the stomachs<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">of seagulls rippled with jet fuel and plastic.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">You probably doubt that we were capable of joy,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">but I assure you we were.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">We still had the night sky back then,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">and like our ancestors, we admired<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">its illuminated doodles<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">of scorpion outlines and upside-down ladles.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Absolutely, there were some forests left!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">Absolutely, we still had some lakes!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">I’m saying, it wasn’t all lead paint and sulfur dioxide.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">There were bees back then, and they pollinated<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">a euphoria of flowers so we might<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">contemplate the great mysteries and finally ask,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">“Hey guys, what’s transcendence?”
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New"">And then all the bees were dead.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""> - Matthew Olzmann<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center">Be Kinder than Necessary<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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