[Pollinator] New paper: Assessment of risk to hoary squash bees (Peponapis pruinosa) and other ground-nesting bees from systemic insecticides in agricultural soil

[J Marshman]

 A new paper, just out today.

> Assessment of risk to hoary squash bees (Peponapis pruinosa) and other
> ground-nesting bees from systemic insecticides in agricultural soil

Abstract

Using the hoary squash bee (*Peponapis pruinosa*) as a model, we provide
the first probabilistic risk assessment of exposure to systemic
insecticides in soil for ground-nesting bees. To assess risk in acute and
chronic exposure scenarios in *Cucurbita* and field crops, concentrations
of clothianidin, thiamethoxam and imidacloprid (neonicotinoids) and
chlorantraniliprole (anthranilic diamide) in cropped soil were plotted to
produce an environmental exposure distribution for each insecticide. The
probability of exceedance of several exposure endpoints (LC50s) was
compared to an acceptable risk threshold (5%). In *Cucurbita* crops, under
acute exposure, risk to hoary squash bees was below 5% for honey bee LC50s
for all residues evaluated but exceeded 5% for clothianidin and
imidacloprid using a solitary bee LC50. For *Cucurbita* crops in the
chronic exposure scenario, exposure risks for clothianidin and imidacloprid
exceeded 5% for all endpoints, and exposure risk for chlorantraniliprole
was below 5% for all endpoints. In field crops, risk to ground-nesting bees
was high from clothianidin in all exposure scenarios and high for
thiamethoxam and imidacloprid under chronic exposure scenarios. Risk
assessments for ground-nesting bees should include exposure impacts from
pesticides in soil and could use the hoary squash bee as an ecotoxicology
model.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-47805-1
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