[Pollinator] RV: Pesticide Program Update: EPA Takes Next Step in the Endangered Species Act Review of Three Neonicotinoids
Juan Carlos Salinas
jcsalinasn at sehusa.com.mx
Fri May 5 10:30:57 PDT 2023
Juan Carlos Salinas Navarrete
DIVISIÓN AGRÍCOLA
SEHUSA, S.A. de C.V.
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De: U.S. EPA Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention
[mailto:oppt.epa at public.govdelivery.com]
Enviado el: viernes, 5 de mayo de 2023 08:20 a. m.
Para: jcsalinasn at sehusa.com.mx
Asunto: Pesticide Program Update: EPA Takes Next Step in the Endangered
Species Act Review of Three Neonicotinoids
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EPA Takes Next Step in the Endangered Species Act Review of Three
Neonicotinoids
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is releasing new analyses
identifying federally endangered or threatened (listed) species that it
predicts face the greatest risks from
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JddDSji4ldUR29xUduY7ju6Z5gez8w5zmSKrjSk/s/344250826/br/177694980803-l>
clothianidin,
<https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDcsInVy
aSI6ImJwMjpjbGljayIsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmVwYS5nb3YvZW5kYW5nZXJlZC1zcGVj
aWVzL2ZpbmFsLW5hdGlvbmFsLWxldmVsLWxpc3RlZC1zcGVjaWVzLWJpb2xvZ2ljYWwtZXZhbHVh
dGlvbi1pbWlkYWNsb3ByaWQiLCJidWxsZXRpbl9pZCI6IjIwMjMwNTA1Ljc2Mjg2NTYxIn0.qkRN
EL68aYWF6n6giTm3Jp8Loz4Be-l1foNz3qlSvps/s/344250826/br/177694980803-l>
imidacloprid, and
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aWVzL2ZpbmFsLW5hdGlvbmFsLWxldmVsLWxpc3RlZC1zcGVjaWVzLWJpb2xvZ2ljYWwtZXZhbHVh
dGlvbi10aGlhbWV0aG94YW0iLCJidWxsZXRpbl9pZCI6IjIwMjMwNTA1Ljc2Mjg2NTYxIn0._7Um
80AemfHyB_34t2wG9KWy0tw505X3c3cQECcTDpM/s/344250826/br/177694980803-l>
thiamethoxam, part of a group of insecticides known as neonicotinoids used
on a variety of crops, turf, and ornamentals, and for other residential and
commercial indoor and outdoor uses. While these types of analyses—which
predict which species could be at jeopardy and which critical habitats could
face adverse modification from the use of these pesticides—have not
historically been part of EPA’s Endangered Species Act (ESA) assessments,
EPA has recently conducted some of these analyses in order to expedite ESA
consultations with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the National
Marine Fisheries Service (the Services). The analyses will also help EPA and
the Services prioritize mitigation measures for the highest risk species.
These analyses were completed as part of EPA’s efforts to meet its
obligations under the ESA and furthers the goals outlined in
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aWJsZS1wZXN0aWNpZGUtdXNlX2ZpbmFsLnBkZiIsImJ1bGxldGluX2lkIjoiMjAyMzA1MDUuNzYy
ODY1NjEifQ.VtDfx1jxY_HZIIARl9c22c0g2AKexw58JZjRVOWiu4g/s/344250826/br/177694
980803-l> EPA’s April 2022 ESA Workplan to provide practical protections for
listed species from pesticides.
EPA finalized
<https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMTAsInVy
aSI6ImJwMjpjbGljayIsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmVwYS5nb3YvcGVzdGljaWRlcy9lcGEt
ZmluYWxpemVzLWJpb2xvZ2ljYWwtZXZhbHVhdGlvbnMtYXNzZXNzaW5nLXBvdGVudGlhbC1lZmZl
Y3RzLXRocmVlLW5lb25pY290aW5vaWQiLCJidWxsZXRpbl9pZCI6IjIwMjMwNTA1Ljc2Mjg2NTYx
In0.fzFljpvfUSVVEL0vbxUEkUNuikoDFLwe2jzxNtQdi1w/s/344250826/br/177694980803-
l> biological evaluations (BEs) for clothianidin, imidacloprid, and
thiamethoxam in June 2022. The BE is EPA’s determination of whether the
continued registration of these insecticides will have an effect on each
listed species or its designated critical habitat. When EPA makes a “may
affect” determination, the Agency also determines if continued registration
will likely adversely affect (LAA) or not likely adversely affect (NLAA) a
listed species or critical habitat.
In the final BEs, the Agency made numerous LAA determinations. An
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aWVzL2Fzc2Vzc2luZy1wZXN0aWNpZGVzLXVuZGVyLWVuZGFuZ2VyZWQtc3BlY2llcy1hY3QjZGV0
ZXJtaW5hdGlvbnMiLCJidWxsZXRpbl9pZCI6IjIwMjMwNTA1Ljc2Mjg2NTYxIn0.Loo_T3hKF9yF
I6t3IYrox2HKeeWVflt7lZzQCRrrKbw/s/344250826/br/177694980803-l> LAA
determination means that EPA reasonably expects that at least one individual
of any listed species may be exposed to a chemical at a sufficient level to
have an adverse effect. This is the case even if a listed species is almost
recovered to a point where it may no longer need to be listed. The likely
“take,” which includes unintentional harm or death, of even one individual
of a species, is enough to trigger such a determination. As a result, there
are often a high number of LAA determinations. An LAA determination,
however, does not necessarily mean that a pesticide is putting a species in
jeopardy.
Whenever EPA makes an LAA determination, the Agency consults with the
Services, which will analyze whether those impacts rise to the level of
jeopardizing the existence of the entire species or adversely modifying its
critical habitat. The Services’ analysis is typically complex and time
consuming. To help expedite this analysis, EPA in its BE has predicted
whether each of the three pesticides could lead to a future jeopardy or
adverse modification finding for each species or critical habitat with an
LAA finding. Although EPA has made these predictions, the Services are
responsible for making the actual jeopardy/adverse modification findings and
have the sole authority to do so.
Below are the findings from the BEs and the new analyses on jeopardy and
adverse modification (last two bullets). The BEs evaluated the effects of
the three neonicotinoids on over 1,700 listed species and over 800 critical
habitats in the United States.
Clothianidin
* Will have no effect on 16% of species and 17% of critical habitats;
* May affect but is not likely to adversely affect 20% of species and
27% of critical habitats;
* Is likely to adversely affect but EPA predicts that use will not
likely cause jeopardy to 55% of listed species or adversely modify 52% of
critical habitats;
* Is likely to adversely affect and EPA predicts that use may cause
jeopardy to 9% of listed species and adversely modify 4% of critical
habitats.
For more information on clothianidin, see
<https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMTIsInVy
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sgiz9iIF6OF37YszlMpOt1Uzor-hMhb3R5B2GJo/s/344250826/br/177694980803-l>
https://www.epa.gov/endangered-species/final-national-level-listed-species-b
iological-evaluation-clothianidin.
Imidacloprid
* Will have no effect on 15% of species and 13% of critical habitats;
* May affect but is not likely to adversely affect 13% of species and
11% of critical habitats;
* Is likely to adversely affect but EPA predicts that use will not
likely cause jeopardy to 61% of listed species or adversely modify 73% of
critical habitats;
* Is likely to adversely affect and EPA predicts that use may cause
jeopardy to 11% of listed species and adversely modify 3% of critical
habitats.
For more information on imidacloprid, see
<https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMTMsInVy
aSI6ImJwMjpjbGljayIsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmVwYS5nb3YvZW5kYW5nZXJlZC1zcGVj
aWVzL2ZpbmFsLW5hdGlvbmFsLWxldmVsLWxpc3RlZC1zcGVjaWVzLWJpb2xvZ2ljYWwtZXZhbHVh
dGlvbi1pbWlkYWNsb3ByaWQiLCJidWxsZXRpbl9pZCI6IjIwMjMwNTA1Ljc2Mjg2NTYxIn0.epNC
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https://www.epa.gov/endangered-species/final-national-level-listed-species-b
iological-evaluation-imidacloprid.
Thiamethoxam
* Will have no effect on 15% of species and 13% of critical habitats;
* May affect but is not likely to adversely affect 14% of species and
10% of critical habitats;
* Is likely to adversely affect, but EPA predicts that use will not
likely cause jeopardy to 60% of listed species or adversely modify 73% of
critical habitats;
* Is likely to adversely affect and EPA predicts that use may cause
jeopardy to 11% of listed species and adversely modify 4% of critical
habitats.
For more information on thiamethoxam, see
<https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMTQsInVy
aSI6ImJwMjpjbGljayIsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmVwYS5nb3YvZW5kYW5nZXJlZC1zcGVj
aWVzL2ZpbmFsLW5hdGlvbmFsLWxldmVsLWxpc3RlZC1zcGVjaWVzLWJpb2xvZ2ljYWwtZXZhbHVh
dGlvbi10aGlhbWV0aG94YW0iLCJidWxsZXRpbl9pZCI6IjIwMjMwNTA1Ljc2Mjg2NTYxIn0.pg9t
rHAx0fjwIeg8tnewi6wvC9mnED9JrnsUqoOvikw/s/344250826/br/177694980803-l>
https://www.epa.gov/endangered-species/final-national-level-listed-species-b
iological-evaluation-thiamethoxam.
Next Steps
These neonicotinoids are also currently undergoing
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aSI6ImJwMjpjbGljayIsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmVwYS5nb3YvcGVzdGljaWRlLXJlZXZh
bHVhdGlvbi9yZWdpc3RyYXRpb24tcmV2aWV3LXByb2Nlc3MiLCJidWxsZXRpbl9pZCI6IjIwMjMw
NTA1Ljc2Mjg2NTYxIn0.WvwDOtLpZmHSuWlWzu-FSPFB7INIWrAjDfMNv2LS52E/s/344250826/
br/177694980803-l> registration review. Proposed Interim Decisions (PIDs)
for these neonicotinoids were released in January 2020.
EPA anticipates releasing amended proposed interim decisions later this year
that will include additional ecological mitigation measures to reduce
neonicotinoid exposures for non-target organisms, including some listed
species for which EPA has predicted that jeopardy is likely.
EPA expects to finalize these additional mitigation measures in interim
decisions, which the Agency foresees releasing in 2024. EPA will inform the
Services of any additional mitigations identified during registration
review, which may be considered during formal consultation.
During formal consultation, the Services use EPA’s effects determinations
and jeopardy/adverse modification predictions to inform their biological
opinions, which will include their final determinations of jeopardy/adverse
modification. Prior to issuing the final biological opinions, the Services
will provide a draft opinion to EPA, which the Agency will share for public
comment. EPA will summarize and provide all comments to the Services for
consideration as they complete the final opinion.
Learn about the updated review schedule for neonicotinoid pesticides by
visiting EPA’s website:
<https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMTYsInVy
aSI6ImJwMjpjbGljayIsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmVwYS5nb3YvcG9sbGluYXRvci1wcm90
ZWN0aW9uL3NjaGVkdWxlLXJldmlldy1uZW9uaWNvdGlub2lkLXBlc3RpY2lkZXMiLCJidWxsZXRp
bl9pZCI6IjIwMjMwNTA1Ljc2Mjg2NTYxIn0.OAYqmULONWAJNvZUKY5khyRyloABfAucrbk4Ym-a
RzU/s/344250826/br/177694980803-l> Schedule for Review of Neonicotinoid
Pesticides
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